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Synthetic data

Sentetik veri

D1 · Foundations, models and data

Synthetic data is artificially generated data used in place of or alongside directly collected observations.

Review status: 2026-12-05

Technical explanation

In language-model training, generated instructions and responses can be filtered and used as training examples.

Conceptual boundaries

Generation describes origin; it does not by itself establish data quality or suitability for a task.

Provider-neutral example

Illustrative: a team generates draft support questions, checks them and keeps suitable ones for a training dataset.

Limitations

Repeated training on generated outputs can degrade coverage of the original data distribution in studied settings.

Related concepts

Atomic claims and evidence

  1. 1.1Self-Instruct: Aligning Language Models with Self-Generated Instructions
    Source
    Self-Instruct: Aligning Language Models with Self-Generated Instructions
    Source role
    Authoritative source
    Exact locator
    Abstract: generated instructions, inputs and outputs; filtering before fine-tuning
    Supported claim
    Self-Instruct generates instructions, inputs and outputs, then filters invalid or similar samples before fine-tuning.
    Last verification
    Review due
    Scope limitation
    This is one model-generated training-data pipeline, not all synthetic data.
  2. 2.1The Curse of Recursion: Training on Generated Data Makes Models Forget
    Source
    The Curse of Recursion: Training on Generated Data Makes Models Forget
    Source role
    Authoritative source
    Exact locator
    Abstract: model collapse in training with model-generated content
    Supported claim
    Shumailov and colleagues report model collapse when models train on generated content under their studied conditions.
    Last verification
    Review due
    Scope limitation
    This does not imply that every use or mixture of synthetic data causes collapse.